Gross Value Added
Gross value added is the value of economic activity generated by any unit engaged in the production of goods and services, less the cost of any inputs used up in that process.
The latest 2022 figures are provisional. GVA data for 2021 and prior years are revised. Please note GVA data are often subject to revision in future years as more data becomes available, sometimes across numerous years within the series.
This analysis focusses on the balanced GVA data for the Lancashire-14 International Territorial Level (ITL) 2 sub-region, the six smaller ITL3 areas - and the 14 local authority areas within the Lancashire-14 ITL2 sub-region. GVA data for the Travel to Work Areas (TTWAs) is also analysed.
At the local authority level and smaller ITL3 areas some GVA data can be rather volatile owing to the small nature of the areas and the detailed industry breakdown of the statistics. Where erratic movements are evident in the time series you should use caution in interpreting the data.
GVA per head figures can suffer from distortions arising from commuting patterns and/or the composition of resident populations. This is perhaps more pertinent at the smaller ITL3 and individual local authority levels. For example, the 2011 Census showed that Preston gained 23,000 people in terms of net commuters, whilst Chorley saw a net outflow of 12,000 commuters. Caution should therefore be applied when interpreting the data. The Office for National Statistics (ONS) are considering whether to update the 2011 Travel To Work Areas using Census 2021 as the Census 2021 took place during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic and a national lockdown.
For small (and large) geographic areas, it is advisable to refer to the ONS statistical bulletin Regional and sub-regional labour productivity, UK: 2022 and related data for a direct measure of economic performance. GVA labour productivity data for the UK, countries, ITL1 regions, ITL2 and ITL3 areas for 2004 to 2022 can be found via this ONS link. GVA labour productivity data for UK local authority areas can be sourced here. TTWA GVA labour productivity per job filled can found via this ONS link, together with GVA data for other geographies.
Summary
GVA totals summary
In 2022, the Lancashire-14 ITL2 sub-region had a provisional balanced Gross Value Added (GVA) total of £39.601 billion, which was the second largest in the North West region, behind Greater Manchester (£89.516 billion). The GVA total for the Lancashire-12 area was £32.577 billion.
Of the six ITL3 areas in the Lancashire-14 ITL2 sub-region, the Mid Lancashire ITL3 area (£14.690 billion) had the fifth largest GVA total in the North West region (out of 20 North West ITL3 areas) - and was in the highest 27% of the UK ITL3 rankings. The GVA totals for the remaining five Lancashire ITL3 areas were ranked in the lowest third of the 172 UK ITL3 areas.
At the local authority level, Preston (£5.039 billion) and South Ribble (£4.730 billion) had the largest provisional GVA totals in the Lancashire-14 ITL2 sub-region in 2022 and Rossendale (£1.184 billion) had the smallest total.
Preston Travel to Work Area (£13.888 billion) had the fourth largest provisional GVA total in the North West in 2022 - out of 17 North West TTWAs - and fell in the top sixth of the 228 TTWAs in the UK. Blackburn's TTWA total (£8.323 billion) fell in the top 30% of the UK TTWA GVA rankings and Blackpool's TTWA total (£6.898 billion) fell in the top third. The total for Burnley TTWA (£4.062 billion) fell in the top 46% of the TTWA totals, whilst the GVA total for Lancaster and Morecambe TTWA (£3.278 billion) fell in the lowest 46% of the GVA totals.
GVA per head summary
The 2022 provisional GVA per head figure for the Lancashire-14 ITL2 sub-region, at current basic prices (unadjusted for inflation) at £25,541 was more than a fifth lower (-22.6%) than the UK less Extra-Regio figure (£32,996) and was ranked 27th in the UK (out of 38 ITL2 areas with per head figures).
GVA per head for the Lancashire-14 ITL2 sub-region (£25,541) was the second lowest in the region below Cheshire (£38,517), Greater Manchester (£30,743) and Cumbria (£26,367). It was slightly above the figure for Merseyside (£25,199). Within the North West region, only the Cheshire ITL2 sub-region had a GVA per head figure above the UK less Extra-Regio figure of £32,996 (by 16.7%, or sixth higher). The provisional GVA per head figure for the North West region was £29,232 in 2022, or 11.4% below the UK figure.
In 2022, the provisional GVA per head figure for the Preston TTWA of £31,170 was 5.5% below the UK less Extra-Regio figure (£32,996). The Preston TTWA per head figure was the fifth highest in the North West, behind Chester TTWA (£42,239), Crewe TTWA (£33,016), Manchester TTWA (£32,227) and Penrith TTWA (£31,473). The GVA per head figures for Blackburn TTWA (£23,771), Blackpool TTWA (£22,936), Lancaster and Morecambe TTWA (£22,696) and Burnley TTWA (£21,194) were 28.0%, 30.4%, 31.2% and 35.8% below the UK less Extra-Regio GVA per head figure (£32,996).
GVA totals - 'Real' (adjusted for inflation) yearly change summary
The balanced GVA total for the Lancashire-14 ITL2 area was estimated to have increased provisionally by 4.0% in 'real' terms (adjusted for inflation, using 2019 money value) between 2021 and 2022. This was marginally lower than the UK rise of 4.1%.
At the local authority level, Blackpool (+11.5%), Blackburn with Darwen (+7.4%), Wyre (+6.3%), South Ribble (+6.1%), Lancaster (+5.7%), West Lancashire (+5.6%) and Preston (+5.2%) saw their 'real' balanced GVA totals (adjusted for inflation, using 2019 money value) increase provisionally by more than the 'real' UK growth of 4.1% between 2021 and 2022.
The five Lancashire-12 local authority areas of Rossendale (+3.9%), Chorley (+2.9%), Burnley (+2.4%), Fylde (+1.5%) and Hyndburn (+1.0%) saw 'real' provisional increases to their balanced GVA totals (adjusted for inflation, using 2019 money value) that were lower than the 'real' UK growth of 4.1%.
The two Lancashire-12 local authority areas of Ribble Valley (-8.3%) and Pendle (-4.7%) saw provisional 'real' reductions (adjusted for inflation, using 2019 money value) in their balanced GVA totals between 2021 and 2022.
GVA per head - 'Real' (adjusted for inflation) yearly change summary
The provisional 'real' growth in balanced GVA per head (adjusted for inflation, using 2019 money value) for the Lancashire-14 ITL2 area between 2021 and 2022 at 2.8% was lower than that recorded for the UK (less Extra-Regio) of 3.2%. 'Real' change for the North West was provisionally estimated at a higher 3.6%.
Greater Manchester ITL2 (+4.2%) and Cheshire ITL2 (+4.0%) had the highest provisional 'real' growth in GVA per head in the region (above the UK less Extra-regio figure). The Merseyside ITL2 area (+3.0%) and Cumbria ITL2 (+2.1%) had provisional 'real' growth in GVA per head figures that were also below the UK less Extra-regio figure of 3.2%.
Background to GVA (balanced) statistics
Historically, the Office for National Statistics (ONS) produced two estimates of workplace-based regional gross value added (GVA) using the income approach and the production approach.
As from the GVA data released in December 2017, which contained provisional estimates for 2016, the ONS have produced a 'balanced' measure of regional GVA (GVA (B)). The data were originally classed as experimental statistics (now official statistics in development) but gained designation as National Statistics on 16 November 2018, meaning that the statistics meet the highest standards of trustworthiness, quality and value.
International Territorial Level (ITL) geographies
As of 1 January 2021, the internationally comparable regional geography for the UK is the International Territorial Levels (ITLs) geography. These are comprised of ITL1 regions, ITL2 sub-regions and smaller ITL3 areas. This has replaced the Nomenclature of territorial units for statistics (NUTS) geographies for the UK that were operational when the UK was a member of the European Union. These were comprised of NUTS-1 regions, NUTS-2 sub-regions and smaller NUTS-3 areas. The ITLs have been established initially as a mirror to the pre-existing NUTS system that is reviewed roughly every three years. This will enable statistical comparison with EU countries and regions to be maintained. The next review was scheduled to be in 2024, however, there has been a delay, owing to proposed changes to the ITL2 and ITL3 boundaries for Scotland. It is anticipated that the new set of ITL boundaries will be delivered later in 2024 for adoption from January 2025.
Strengths of GVA 'balanced' statistics
The 'balanced' GVA dataset combines the strengths from both the income and production approaches and provides a single measure of economic activity within a region. The ONS believe that the balanced measure of GVA should be more reliable and stable than either of its component estimates. Further information and detail about the methodology can be found in the ONS statistical bulletin - Regional economic activity by gross value added (balanced), UK: 1998 to 2017 and the ONS web page Regional gross value added (balanced) Quality and Methodology Information (QMI).
Availability of GVA (balanced) data by geography
GVA (balanced) estimates are available in current (or nominal) basic prices (unadjusted for inflation). GVA (balanced) estimates are also presented in "real" terms, with the effect of inflation removed, as chained volume measures (CVM) in money terms (using 2019 values) and in indices (2019 equals 100). These are available by industry. These estimates are provided for the UK, and constituent countries, ITL1 regions, ITL2 sub-regions and smaller ITL3 areas, local authority areas, city regions and enterprise regions.
City regions include Combined Authorities with elected Mayors, other city regions that do not yet have official status, and other comparable areas such as Growth Deal areas.
Enterprise regions include former English Local Enterprise Partnership areas, Welsh Economic Regions, Scottish Enterprise regions and other comparable areas of economic interest. As from April 2024, Local Enterprise Partnership core functions and funding was transferred to local and combined authorities, where they were not already being delivered by combined authorities or the Greater London Authority (see GOV.UK link).
GVA (balanced) estimates are also available in current (or nominal) basic prices (unadjusted for inflation) for Travel to Work Areas, towns and cities, health board areas, clinical commissioning groups, parliamentary constituencies, devolved Administrations' constituencies, wards and other bespoke areas. The data and notes on usage are available via the ONS link 'UK gross value added (GVA) and productivity estimates for other geographies', published on 21 August 2024. For smaller aggregate areas, such as wards, these approximations can result in considerable GVA activity being assigned to the wrong ward. The ONS advise additional caution in interpreting the results for wards.
GVA (balanced) estimates for small (granular) geographies
The ONS now produce small granular area GVA estimates for Lower-layer Super Output Area (LSOA), Data Zone (DZ), and Super Output Area (SOA) levels, called "building blocks". These are official statistics in development and caution should be applied when interpreting the data. These building blocks can be aggregated to build larger geographical areas for analysis and comparison. All estimates are in current prices, because the main use for these data is aggregating the building blocks to larger areas, including the effect of price inflation; constant price chained volume measures are non-additive, so cannot be aggregated in this way. These small granular areas are primarily provided to build larger geographies, rather than analysis at this small level. The ONS do not recommend comparing the building blocks (LSOA, DZ and SOA) data with each other at the individual level. Please see the ONS statistical bulletin 'Small area gross value added estimates, UK: 1998 to 2022' for further information and links to the data.
GVA labour productivity estimates
Labour productivity is calculated by dividing output by labour inputs. The ONS produce a headline measure of labour productivity as GVA (or output) per hour worked). Labour productivity can also be measured as GVA (or output) per filled job.
GVA labour productivity data is available from 2004 to 2022 for the UK, constituent countries, ITL1 regions, ITL2 sub-regions, ITL3 areas, local authority areas, economic enterprise regions and city regions. Please see the ONS statistical bulletin 'Regional and subregional labour productivity, UK: 2022' published on 17 June 2024 for an analysis of labour market productivity and links to these geographic datasets.
The ONS have also provided labour productivity estimates (GVA per job filled) in current (or nominal) basic prices (unadjusted for inflation) for Travel to Work Areas and towns and cities from 2009 to 2022. The data and notes on usage are available via the ONS link ' UK gross value added (GVA) and productivity estimates for other geographies ', published on 21 August 2024.
ONS statistical bulletins
The ONS have discontinued the publication of individual statistical bulletins for regional gross value added based on the income approach, GVA (I), for regional gross value added based on the production approach, GVA (P) and for regional gross value added based on the balanced approach, GVA (B). The ONS now produce statistical bulletins for 'Regional economic activity by gross domestic product, UK: 1998 to 2022' and for GVA based labour productivity estimates based on hours worked and filled jobs in 'Regional and subregional labour productivity, UK: 2022'.
Analysis
Gross value added (GVA) totals, balanced, 2022 (provisional)
Lancashire-14 ITL2 area analysis
In 2022, the Lancashire-14 ITL2 sub-region had an overall provisional balanced Gross Value Added (GVA) total of £39.601 billion, which was the second largest in the North West region, behind Greater Manchester (£89.516 billion). The Lancashire-14 ITL2 total was just ahead of the figures for Merseyside (£39.589 billion) and Cheshire (£37.739 billion). The total for Cumbria (£13.263 billion) was the smallest in the region and the UK. The GVA total for the Lancashire-12 area was £32.577 billion.
GVA for the Lancashire-14 ITL2 area was ranked in 24th position out of 41 ITL2 areas in the UK (including Northern Ireland). At the ITL2 level, Inner London - West (£253.205 billion) had the largest provisional GVA total in 2022, followed by Inner London - East (£125.855 billion) and Berkshire, Buckinghamshire and Oxfordshire (£116.001 billion).
Lancashire ITL3 level analysis
There are six smaller Lancashire ITL3 areas within the Lancashire-14 ITL2 sub-region.
The Mid Lancashire ITL3 area (£14.690 billion) had the fifth largest provisional balanced GVA total in the North West region in 2022 (out of 20 North West ITL3 areas) and the 46th largest in the UK (out of the 172 UK ITL3 areas) – in the highest 27% of the UK ITL3 rankings. The Manchester ITL3 area (£31.506 billion) had the largest provisional balanced GVA total in the North West, followed by the Greater Manchester South West ITL3 area (£20.993 billion).
The remaining five Lancashire ITL3 areas (excluding the Mid Lancashire ITL3 area) were ranked in the lowest third of the 172 UK ITL3 areas (in terms of GVA totals).
The two Lancashire ITL3 areas of Blackpool (£3.187 billion) and Blackburn with Darwen (£3.837 billion) had the smallest GVA balanced totals in the North West region in 2022. The Blackpool ITL3 area had the 17th smallest GVA total in the UK in 2022, falling in the lowest 10% of the rankings, whilst the Blackburn with Darwen ITL3 area had the 23rd smallest total, falling in the lowest 15% of the UK rankings.
The GVA totals for the Lancaster and Wyre ITL3 area (£5.258 billion) and the Chorley and West Lancashire ITL3 area (£5.806 billion) were ranked in the fifth and sixth lowest positions in the North West region (just above West Cumbria and Sefton) and fell in the lowest third of the North West ITL3 GVA totals. The GVA totals for the Lancaster and Wyre and the Chorley and West Lancashire ITL3 areas were ranked in the lowest quarter of the UK ITL3 area rankings.
The East Lancashire ITL3 area (£6.823 billion) had the eighth smallest GVA total in the North West region and the 58th smallest in the UK in 2022 – roughly a third from the bottom of the UK ITL3 GVA rankings.
Table 1: Workplace-based (1) gross value added (GVA) totals (£ billions), balanced, 2021 (revised) and 2022 (provisional), plus nominal and 'real' change (both change figures are provisional) for Lancashire ITL3 areas, the Lancashire-12 area, the Lancashire-14 ITL2 sub-region, the North West and the UK.
|
Area |
2021 GVA(2) (£ bn) |
2022 GVA(3) (£ bn) |
Nominal change in GVA(4), 2021(2) to 2022(3) (£ bn) |
Nominal change in GVA(4), 2021(2) to 2022(3) (%) |
'Real' change in GVA(5), 2021 to 2022 (%) |
|
Lancaster and Wyre (ITL3) area |
4.711 |
5.258 |
0.547 |
11.6 |
5.9 |
|
Mid Lancashire (ITL3) area (6) |
13.537 |
14.690 |
1.153 |
8.5 |
2.7 |
|
East Lancashire (ITL3) area (7) |
6.414 |
6.823 |
0.409 |
6.4 |
0.4 |
|
Chorley and West Lancashire (ITL3) area |
5.218 |
5.806 |
0.525 |
9.9 |
4.4 |
|
Lancashire-12 area |
29.943 |
32.577 |
2.634 |
8.8 |
n/a (8) |
|
Blackburn with Darwen (NUTS 3) area |
3.433 |
3.837 |
0.404 |
11.8 |
7.4 |
|
Blackpool (ITL3) area |
2.795 |
3.187 |
0.392 |
14.0 |
11.5 |
|
Lancashire-14 (ITL2) sub-region |
36.171 |
39.601 |
3.430 |
9.5 |
4.0 |
|
Cumbria (ITL2) sub-region |
12.212 |
13.263 |
1.051 |
8.6 |
2.5 |
|
Greater Manchester (ITL2) sub-region |
80.667 |
89.516 |
8.849 |
11.0 |
5.8 |
|
Merseyside (ITL2) sub-region |
36,582 |
39.589 |
3.007 |
8.2 |
4.3 |
|
Cheshire (ITL2 sub-region) |
34.040 |
37.739 |
3.699 |
10.9 |
5.1 |
|
North West (ITL1) region |
199.671 |
219.707 |
20.036 |
10.0 |
4.9 |
|
United Kingdom (less Extra-Regio) (9) |
2,034.531 |
2,230.427 |
195.896 |
9.6 |
4.0 |
|
United Kingdom Extra-Regio (9) |
12.105 |
15.620 |
3.515 |
29.0 |
-3.1 |
|
United Kingdom total GVA (including Extra-Regio) (9) |
2,046.636 |
2,246.047 |
199.411 |
9.7 |
4.1 |
Notes: (1) Estimates of workplace based GVA allocate values to the region or area in which the economic activity takes place; (2) Revised nominal figures (current prices, unadjusted for inflation); (3) Provisional nominal figures (current prices, unadjusted for inflation); (4) Nominal change in figures (current prices, unadjusted for inflation); (5) 'Real' change in figures, adjusted for inflation using chained volume measures (CVM) and 2019 money values. Please see the relevant data files and the bottom of the web page for the actual CVMs in 2019 money values (adjusted for inflation) for 2021 and 2022. These differ to the nominal (current) values, unadjusted for inflation, presented above. (6) The Mid Lancashire ITL3 area is comprised of the four local authority areas of Fylde, Preston, South Ribble and Ribble Valley. (7) The East Lancashire ITL3 area is made up of the four local authorities of Burnley, Hyndburn, Pendle and Rossendale. (8) n/a = not available; (9) The GVA for Extra-Regio comprises compensation of employees and gross operating surplus which cannot be assigned to regions, such as oil and gas production on the continental shelf.
Source: Office for National Statistics - Regional gross value added (balanced) by industry: all ITL regions (1998 to 2022), published 24 April 2024.
Lancashire local authority level analysis
At the local authority level, Preston (£5.039 billion) and South Ribble (£4.730 billion) had the largest provisional workplace-based balanced GVA totals in the Lancashire-12 area in 2022, followed by Lancaster (£3.278 billion), West Lancashire (£3.261 billion) and Fylde (£2.860 billion). Rossendale (£1.184 billion) had the smallest total in both the Lancashire-12 area and the Lancashire-14 ITL2 sub-region.
Blackburn with Darwen (£3.837 billion) had the third largest provisional GVA total (balanced) in the Lancashire-14 ITL2 area in 2022, whilst the figure for Blackpool (£3.187 billion) was the sixth largest in the area.
| Please be aware that owing to the small areas analysed at the local authority level, and detailed industry breakdown on which they are based, some of the figures can be rather volatile. Where erratic movements are evident in the time series, caution should be taken when interpreting the data. |
Table 2: Workplace-based (1) gross value added (GVA) totals (£ billions), balanced, 2021 (revised) and 2022 (provisional), plus nominal and 'real' change (both change figures are provisional) for local authority areas in the Lancashire-14 ITL2 area, the Lancashire-12 area, the Lancashire-14 ITL2 sub-region and the UK.
|
Area |
2021 GVA(2) (£ bn) |
2022 GVA(3) (£ bn) |
Nominal change in GVA(4), 2021(2) to 2022(3) (£ bn) |
Nominal change in GVA(4), 2021(2) to 2022(3) (%) |
'Real' change in GVA(5), 2021 to 2022 (%) |
|
Burnley |
2.115 |
2.28 |
166 |
7.8 |
2.4 |
|
Chorley |
2.356 |
2.545 |
189 |
8.0 |
2.9 |
|
Fylde |
2.672 |
2.860 |
188 |
7.0 |
1.5 |
|
Hyndburn |
1.479 |
1.577 |
98 |
6.6 |
1.0 |
|
Lancaster |
2.956 |
3.278 |
322 |
10.9 |
5.7 |
|
Pendle |
1.748 |
1.781 |
33 |
1.9 |
-4.7 |
|
Preston |
4.600 |
5.039 |
439 |
9.5 |
5.2 |
|
Ribble Valley |
2.080 |
2.062 |
-18 |
-0.9 |
-8.3 |
|
Rossendale |
1.072 |
1.184 |
112 |
10.4 |
3.0 |
|
South Ribble |
4.185 |
4.730 |
545 |
13.0 |
6.1 |
|
West Lancashire |
2.924 |
3.261 |
337 |
11.5 |
5.6 |
|
Wyre |
1.755 |
1.980 |
225 |
12.8 |
6.3 |
|
Lancashire-12 area |
29.943 |
32.577 |
2.634 |
8.8 |
n/a (6) |
|
Blackburn with Darwen UA |
3.433 |
3.837 |
0.404 |
11.8 |
7.4 |
|
Blackpool UA |
2.795 |
3.187 |
0.392 |
14.0 |
11.5 |
|
Lancashire-14 (ITL2) sub-region |
36.171 |
39.601 |
3.430 |
9.5 |
4.0 |
|
United Kingdom (less Extra-Regio) (7) |
2,034.531 |
2,230.427 |
195.896 |
9.6 |
n/a (6) |
|
United Kingdom Extra-Regio (7) |
12.105 |
15.620 |
3.515 |
29. |
-3.1 |
|
United Kingdom total GVA (including Extra-Regio) (7) |
2,046.636 |
2,246.047 |
199.411 |
9.7 |
4.0 |
|
Notes: (1) Estimates of workplace based GVA allocate values to the region or area in which the economic activity takes place; (2) Revised nominal figures (current prices, unadjusted for inflation); (3) Provisional nominal figures (current prices, unadjusted for inflation); (4) Nominal change in figures (current prices, unadjusted for inflation); (5) 'Real' change in figures, adjusted for inflation using chained volume measures (CVM) and 2019 money values. Please see the relevant data files and the bottom of the web page for the actual CVMs in 2019 money values (adjusted for inflation) for 2021 and 2022. These differ to the nominal (current) values, unadjusted for inflation, presented above. (6) n/a = not available; (7) The GVA for Extra-Regio comprises compensation of employees and gross operating surplus which cannot be assigned to regions, such as oil and gas production on the continental shelf. Source: Office for National Statistics - Regional gross value added (balanced) by industry: local authorities by ITL1 region (1998 to 2022), published 24 April 2024. North West edition = TLD dataset. And Regional gross value added (balanced) by industry: all ITL regions (1998 to 2022), published 24 April 2024. |
|||||
Travel to Work Area analysis
A Travel To Work Area is an area where a large proportion of workers both live and work.
The number of TTWAs in the UK fell from 308 in 1991, to 243 in 2001, and down to 228 in 2011. An ONS report from December 2015, found that the reduction in the number of TTWAs reflected an increasing proportion of workers commuting longer distances to travel to work.
The ONS has assigned GVA totals from 1998 to 2022 to TTWAs with 2011 boundaries as the 2021 Census took place during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic and a national lockdown. The ONS are considering whether to update the 2011 Travel To Work Areas using Census 2021.
Preston TTWA (£13.888 billion) had the fourth largest provisional GVA total in the North West in 2022 (out of 17 North West TTWAs) and was ranked in 36th position in the UK (out of 228 TTWAs in the UK), falling in the top sixth of the UK TTWA GVA totals. The GVA total for Chester TTWA (£13.724 billion) was ranked in 37th position in the UK, just below Preston.
The GVA total for the Manchester TTWA (£91.482 billion) was the largest in the North West and second largest in the UK, behind London (£510.198 billion). Liverpool TTWA (£28.000 billion) had the second largest GVA total in the region and was the eleventh largest in the UK, falling in the top five percent of the UK TTWA GVA totals. The GVA total for Warrington and Wigan TTWA (£23.603 billion) was the third largest in the North West and ranked in 19th position in the UK, within the top 10 percent of the UK TTWA GVA totals.
Blackburn TTWA (£8.323 billion) and Blackpool TTWA (£6.898 billion) had the seventh and eighth largest provisional GVA totals in the North West in 2022. The Blackburn TTWA GVA total fell in the top 27% of the UK TTWA GVA total rankings and Blackpool TTWA's total fell in the top third.
The GVA total for the Burnley TTWA (£4.062 billion) was the tenth largest in the North West (out of 17 North West TTWAs) and fell in the top half of the UK GVA totals (ranked 104th - in the largest 46%).
Lancaster and Morecambe TTWA (£3.278 billion) had the twelfth largest provisional GVA total in the North West in 2022 and fell in the lower half of the UK TTWA GVA totals (ranked 126th - in the lowest 46%).
The GVA total for Whitehaven TTWA (£1.369 billion) was the smallest in the North West in 2022 and 55th smallest in the UK. The lowest provisional TTWA GVA total in the UK was estimated for Ullapool (£0.159 billion) in North West Scotland.
Table 3: Workplace-based (1) gross value added (GVA) totals (£ billions), balanced, 2021 (revised) and 2022 (provisional), at current (nominal) prices (unadjusted for inflation) plus provisional nominal change (unadjusted for inflation) from 2021 to 2022 for Travel to Work Areas (TTWAs) and ITL2 areas in the North West region, and for the North West and the UK.
|
Area |
2021 GVA(2) (£ bn) |
2022 GVA(3) (£ bn) |
Provisional Nominal change in GVA(4), 2021(2) to 2022(3) (£ bn) |
Provisional Nominal change in GVA(4), 2021(2) to 2022(3) (%) |
|
Manchester TTWA |
82.404 |
91.482 |
9.078 |
11.0 |
|
Liverpool TTWA |
25.829 |
28.001 |
2.172 |
8.4 |
|
Warrington and Wigan TTWA |
21.930 |
23.603 |
1.673 |
7.6 |
|
Preston TTWA |
12.606 |
13.888 |
1.282 |
10.2 |
|
Chester TTWA |
11.924 |
13.724 |
1.800 |
15.1 |
|
Crewe TTWA |
10,164 |
11.084 |
1.020 |
10.1 |
|
Blackburn TTWA |
7.755 |
8.323 |
0.568 |
7.3 |
|
Blackpool TTWA |
6.170 |
6.898 |
0.728 |
11.8 |
|
Burnley TTWA |
3.863 |
4.062 |
0.199 |
5.2 |
|
Carlisle TTWA |
3.432 |
3.842 |
0.410 |
11.9 |
|
Lancaster and Morecambe TTWA |
2.956 |
3.278 |
0.322 |
10.9 |
|
Barrow-in-Furness TTWA |
2.629 |
2.710 |
0.081 |
3.1 |
|
Kendal TTWA |
2.134 |
2.312 |
0.178 |
8.4 |
|
Penrith TTWA |
1.438 |
1.621 |
0.183 |
12.7 |
|
Workington TTWA |
1.466 |
1.589 |
0.123 |
8.4 |
|
Whitehaven TTWA |
1.261 |
1.369 |
0.108 |
8.6 |
|
Greater Manchester (ITL2) sub-region |
80.667 |
89.516 |
8.849 |
11.0 |
|
Lancashire-14 (ITL2) sub-region |
36.171 |
39.601 |
3.430 |
9.5 |
|
Merseyside (ITL2) sub-region |
36,582 |
39.589 |
3.007 |
8.2 |
|
Cheshire (ITL2) sub-region |
34.040 |
37.739 |
3.699 |
10.9 |
|
Cumbria (ITL2) sub-region |
12.212 |
13.263 |
1.051 |
8.6 |
|
North West (ITL1) region |
199.671 |
219.707 |
20.036 |
10.0 |
|
United Kingdom less Extra-Regio (4) |
2,034.531 |
2,230.427 |
195.896 |
9.6 |
|
United Kingdom Extra-Regio (7) |
12.105 |
15.620 |
3.515 |
29.0 |
|
United Kingdom total GVA (including Extra-Regio) (5) |
2,046.636 |
2,246.047 |
199.411 |
9.7 |
|
Notes: (1) Estimates of workplace based GVA allocate values to the region or area in which the economic activity takes place; (2) Revised nominal figures (current prices, unadjusted for inflation); (3) Provisional nominal figures (current prices, unadjusted for inflation); (4) Provisional nominal change in figures (current prices, unadjusted for inflation); (5) The GVA for Extra-Regio comprises compensation of employees and gross operating surplus which cannot be assigned to regions, such as oil and gas production on the continental shelf. Sources: Office for National Statistics - UK gross value added (GVA) and productivity estimates for other geographies (inc TTWAs), 1998/2009 to 2022, published 21 August 2024. And Regional gross value added (balanced) by industry: all ITL regions (1998 to 2022), published 24 April 2024. |
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Gross value added per head figures, balanced, 2022 (provisional) at current basic prices (unadjusted for inflation).
Lancashire-14 ITL2 sub-region, GVA per head analysis
The 2022 provisional GVA per head figure for the Lancashire-14 ITL2 sub-region, at current basic prices (unadjusted for inflation) at £25,541 was more than a fifth lower (-22.6%) than the UK less Extra-Regio figure (£32,996) and was ranked 27th in the UK (out of 38 ITL2 areas with per head figures, including Northern Ireland). Owing to differences in the timing of census updates, some population estimates for ITL2 and ITL3 areas of Scotland in 2022 are not yet available. There are 41 ITL2 areas in the UK (including Northern Ireland), however GVA per head figures for three ITL2 areas in Scotland were suppressed owing to uncertainty.
GVA per head for the Lancashire-14 ITL2 area (£25,541) was the second lowest in the region behind Cheshire (£38,517), Greater Manchester (£30,743) and Cumbria (£26,367). It was however slightly above the figure for Merseyside (£25,199). Within the North West region, only Cheshire had a GVA per head figure above the UK less Extra-Regio figure of £32,996 (by 16.7%, or sixth higher). The provisional GVA per head figure for the North West region was £29,232 in 2022, or 11.4% below the UK figure.
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Note: Extra-Regio GVA comprises compensation of employees and gross operating surplus which cannot be assigned to regions, such as oil and gas production on the continental shelf. |
Lancashire ITL3 areas, GVA per head analysis
Within the Lancashire-14 sub-region, of the six ITL3 areas, only the Mid Lancashire ITL3 area (£35,841) had a provisional balanced GVA per head figure above that of the UK less Extra-Regio figure (£32,996) in 2022, by 8.6%. The Mid Lancashire ITL3 area is comprised of Fylde, Preston, South Ribble and Ribble Valley local authorities. The area had the sixth highest balanced GVA per head figure in the North West region in 2022 (out of 20 ITL3 areas in the region), behind the Manchester (£55,371), Warrington (£43,829), the Greater Manchester South West area (£40,814), Cheshire East (£37,497) and the Cheshire West and Chester (£36,557) ITL3 areas.
The Mid Lancashire ITL3 area (£35,841) was ranked in 34th place in the UK (out of the 174 ITL3 areas with per head figures). Owing to differences in the timing of census updates, some population estimates for ITL2 and ITL3 areas of Scotland in 2022 are not yet available. There are 179 ITL3 areas in the UK, however GVA per head figures for five ITL3 areas in Scotland were suppressed owing to uncertainty.
Within the North West region, seven of the 20 ITL3 areas had GVA per head figures above the UK less Extra-Regio figure (£32,996). The Liverpool ITL3 area (£33,603) was the seventh North West area to have a higher figure. The provisional GVA per head figure for the North West region was £29,232 in 2022.
The provisional GVA per head figures (balanced) for the three Lancashire NUTS-3 areas of Lancaster and Wyre (£18,482), East Lancashire (£18,564) and Chorley and West Lancashire (£18,701) were clustered fairly close together, roughly a quarter of the way from the bottom of the NUTS-3 rankings. The figures were 32.3%, 32.0% and 31.5% below the UK figure, and were the sixth, seventh and eighth lowest amounts in the North West region, respectively.
The provisional balanced GVA per head figure for the Blackburn with Darwen NUTS-3 area (£20,525) in 2017 was almost a quarter lower than the UK figure. It was the ninth lowest in the region (out of 20) and ranked in the 76th lowest position in the UK (in the lower half of the NUTS-3 rankings).
Table 4: Workplace based gross value added (balanced) per head (1), at current prices, 2021 (revised) and 2022 (provisional), and yearly nominal and real change from 2021 to 2022 (both nominal and real change figures are provisional) for Lancashire ITL3 areas, North West ITL2 areas, the North West region and the UK
|
Area |
2021 GVA per head(2) (£) |
2022 GVA per head(3)(£) |
2022 GVA per head Indices (3) (UK less Extra-Regio(4) = 100) |
Nominal change in GVA per head(5), 2021(2) to 20223) (£) |
Nominal change in GVA per head(5), 2021(2) to 2022(3) (%) |
Real change in GVA per head(6), 2021(6) to 2022(6) (%) |
|
Lancaster and Wyre (ITL3) area |
18,490 |
20,281 |
61.5 |
1,791 |
9.7 | 4.1 |
|
Mid Lancashire (ITL3) area (7) |
33,624 |
35,841 |
108.6 |
2,217 |
6.6 |
0.8 |
|
East Lancashire (ITL3) area (8) |
18,654 |
19,718 |
59.8 |
1,064 | 5.7 |
-0.3 |
|
Chorley and West Lancashire (ITL3) area |
22,471 |
24,395 |
73.9 |
1,924 |
8.6 |
3.1 |
|
Lancashire-12 area |
24,221 |
25,996 |
78.8 |
1,775 |
7.3 |
n/a (9) |
|
Blackburn with Darwen (ITL3) area |
22,155 |
24,633 |
74.7 | 2,478 |
11.2 |
6.8 |
|
Blackpool (ITL3) area |
19,828 |
22,509 |
68.2 |
2,681 |
13.5 |
11.0 |
|
Lancashire-14 (ITL2) sub-region |
23,608 |
25,541 |
77.4 | 1,933 | 8.2 |
2.8 |
|
Cheshire (ITL2 sub-region) |
35,115 |
38,517 |
116.7 |
3,402 |
9.7 |
4.0 |
|
Greater Manchester (ITL2) sub-region |
28,112 |
30,743 |
93.2 |
2,631 |
9.4 |
4.2 |
|
Cumbria (ITL2) sub-region |
24,388 |
26,367 | 79.9 |
1,979 |
8.1 |
2.1 |
|
Merseyside (ITL2) sub-region |
23,566 |
25,199 |
76.4 |
1,633 |
6.9 |
3.0 |
|
North West (ITL1) region |
26,895 |
29,232 |
88.6 |
2,337 |
8.7 |
3.6 |
|
United Kingdom less Extra-Regio (4) |
30,346 |
32,996 |
100.0 |
2,650 |
8.7 |
3.2 |
|
Notes: (1) Estimates of workplace based GVA allocate values to the region or area in which the economic activity takes place; (2) Revised nominal figures (current prices, unadjusted for inflation); (3) Provisional nominal figures (current prices, unadjusted for inflation); (4) The GVA for Extra-Regio comprises compensation of employees and gross operating surplus which cannot be assigned to regions, such as oil and gas production on the continental shelf; (5) Nominal change in figures (current prices, unadjusted for inflation); (6) 'Real' change in figures, adjusted for inflation using chained volume measures (CVM) and 2019 money values. Please see the relevant data files and the bottom of the web page for the actual CVMs in 2019 money values (adjusted for inflation) for 2021 and 2022. These differ to the nominal (current) values, unadjusted for inflation, presented above; (7) The Mid Lancashire ITL3 area is comprised of the four local authority areas of Fylde, Preston, South Ribble and Ribble Valley; (8) The East Lancashire ITL3 area is made up of the four local authorities of Burnley, Hyndburn, Pendle and Rossendale; (9) n/a = not available. Sources: Office for National Statistics - Regional gross value added (balanced) per head and income components for all ITL levels, 1998 to 2022, published 24 April 2024 |
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Travel to Work Areas, GVA per head analysis
Business Intelligence at Lancashire County Council have calculated GVA per head for TTWAs in England and Wales for 2021 and 2022. Mid-year population estimates for TTWAs in Scotland and Northern Ireland for 2021 and 2022 were not available at the time of writing.
In 2022, the provisional GVA per head figure for the Preston TTWA of £31,170 was 5.5% below the UK less Extra-Regio figure (£32,996). The Preston TTWA per head figure was the fifth highest in the North West (out of 17 North West TTWAs), behind Chester TTWA (£42,239), Crewe TTWA (£33,016), Manchester TTWA (£32,227) and Penrith TTWA (£31,473). Only Chester and Crewe had GVA per head figures above the UK less Extra-Regio figure (£32,996) by 28.0% and 0.1%, respectively. The Chester TTWA figure was the eighth highest in E&W. The Preston TTWA GVA per head figure was ranked 39th out of 173 TTWAs in England and Wales (E&W), or in the highest 23%.
The provisional 2022 GVA per head figures for Blackburn TTWA (£23,771), Blackpool TTWA (£22,936), Lancaster and Morecambe TTWA (£22,696) and Burnley TTWA (£21,194) were 28.0%, 30.4%, 31.2% and 35.8% below the UK less Extra-Regio GVA per head figure (£32,996). The figures fell in the lowest 37% to the lowest 24% of the E&W TTWA GVA per head figures.
London TTWA (£58,767), Reading TTWA (£52,449) and Newbury TTWA (£49,145) had the largest provisional GVA per head figures in England and Wales in 2022; Clacton TTWA (£13,931) had the lowest figure.
Table 5: Workplace-based (1) gross value added (GVA) per head (£s), balanced, 2021 (revised) and 2022 (provisional), plus nominal change (unadjusted for inflation) from 2021 to 2022 for Travel to Work Areas (TTWAs) in the North West region, the Lancashire-14 ITL2 sub-region, the North West region and the UK.
|
Area |
2021 GVA per head(2) |
2022 GVA per head(3) |
2022 GVA per head Indices(3) (UK less Extra-Regio(4) = 100) |
Nominal change in GVA per head(5), 2021(2) to 2022(3) (£) |
Nominal change in GVA per head(5), 2021(2) to 2022(3) |
|
Chester TTWA |
37,015 |
42,239 |
128.0 |
5,224 |
14.1 |
|
Crewe TTWA |
30,496 |
33,016 |
100.1 |
2,520 |
8.3 |
|
Manchester TTWA |
29,442 |
32,227 |
97.7 |
2,785 |
9.5 |
|
Penrith TTWA |
28,221 |
31,473 |
95.4 |
3,253 |
11.5 |
|
Preston TTWA |
28,770 |
31,170 |
94.5 |
2,400 |
8.3 |
|
Barrow-in-Furness TTWA |
28,578 |
29,446 |
89.2 |
868 |
3.0 |
|
Carlisle TTWA |
26,419 |
29,315 |
88.8 |
2,895 |
11.0 |
|
Kendal TTWA |
26,677 |
28,860 |
87.5 |
2,183 |
8.2 |
|
Warrington and Wigan TTWA |
26,412 |
28,230 |
85.6 |
1,818 |
6.9 |
|
Liverpool TTWA |
25,283 |
26,960 |
81.7 |
1,677 |
6.6 |
|
Blackburn TTWA |
22,329 |
23,771 |
72.0 |
1,442 |
6.5 |
|
Blackpool TTWA |
20,726 |
22,936 |
69.6 |
2,210 |
10.7 |
|
Lancaster and Morecambe TTWA |
20,768 |
22,696 |
68.8 |
1,929 |
9.3 |
|
Burnley TTWA |
20,272 |
21,194 |
64.2 |
922 |
4.5 |
|
Whitehaven TTWA |
18,774 |
20,311 |
61.6 |
1,537 |
8.2 |
|
Workington TTWA |
18,643 |
20,158 |
61.1 |
1,515 |
8.1 |
|
Birkenhead TTWA |
17,272 |
18,781 |
56.2 |
1,509 |
8.7 |
|
Lancashire-14 (ITL2) sub-region |
23,608 |
25,541 |
77.4 | 1,933 | 8.2 |
|
North West (ITL1) region |
26,895 |
29,232 |
88.6 |
2,337 |
8.7 |
|
United Kingdom less Extra-Regio (4) |
30,346 |
32,996 |
100.0 |
2,650 |
8.7 |
|
Notes: (1) Estimates of workplace based GVA allocate values to the region or area in which the economic activity takes place; (2) Revised nominal figures (current prices, unadjusted for inflation); (3) Provisional nominal figures (current prices, unadjusted for inflation); (4) The GVA for Extra-Regio comprises compensation of employees and gross operating surplus which cannot be assigned to regions, such as oil and gas production on the continental shelf; (5) Nominal change in figures (current prices, unadjusted for inflation). Sources: Office for National Statistics - UK gross value added (GVA) and productivity estimates for other geographies (inc TTWAs), 1998/2009 to 2022, published 21 August 2024. Regional gross value added (balanced) by industry: all ITL regions (1998 to 2022), published 24 April 2024. Mid-year population estimates for Travel to Work Areas (2011 boundaries) for 2021 and 2022 (2021 based) via the National Online Manpower Information System (nimisweb.co.uk). |
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Yearly change in nominal (unadjusted for inflation) balanced gross value added totals, 2021 to 2022 (provisional)
Lancashire-14 ITL2 sub-region, yearly nominal change in the GVA total
Between 2021 and 2022, the balanced GVA total for the UK (including the Extra-Regio component), showed provisional nominal growth (unadjusted for inflation) of 9.7%. The Lancashire-14 ITL2 area was estimated to have increased provisionally by a slightly lower 9.5% (Lancashire-12 = +8.8%). In the North West provisional nominal growth was estimated at 10.0%. At the ITL2 level, Greater Manchester (+11.0%) and Cheshire (+10.9%) showed the highest provisional nominal growth in the region.
Lancashire ITL3 areas, yearly nominal change in GVA totals
Within the Lancashire-14 ITL2 sub-region, Blackpool ITL3 (+14.0%), Blackburn with Darwen ITL3 (+11.8%), Lancaster and Wyre ITL3 (11.6%) and Chorley and West Lancashire ITL3 (+9.9%) had provisional nominal annual growth rates in GVA above the UK figure (9.7%). The Mid Lancashire ITL3 area (+8.5%) and the East Lancashire ITL3 area (+6.4%) both had provisional nominal yearly growth rates below the UK figure.
Local authority areas in the Lancashire-14 ITL2 sub-region, yearly nominal change in GVA totals
At the local authority level, Blackpool (+14.0%), South Ribble (+13.0%), Wyre (+12.8%), Blackburn with Darwen (+11.8%), West Lancashire (+11.5%), Lancaster (+10.9%) and Rossendale (+10.4%) in the Lancashire-14 ITL2 sub-region saw their nominal (unadjusted for inflation) GVA totals increase provisionally by more the UK nominal rise of 9.7% between 2021 and 2022.
Pendle (+1.9%) saw the lowest yearly nominal growth (unadjusted for inflation) in the Lancashire-14 ITL2 sub-region, whilst Ribble Valley saw the only provisional fall in its nominal GVA balanced total in the area.
Travel to Work Areas, yearly nominal change in GVA totals
Looking at Travel to Work Areas, Blackpool TTWA (+11.8%), Lancaster and Morecambe TTWA (+10.9%) and Preston TTWA (+10.2%) saw their nominal (unadjusted for inflation) GVA totals increase provisionally by more the UK nominal rise of 9.7% between 2021 and 2022. The yearly increases for Blackburn TTWA (+7.3%) and Burnley TTWA (+5.2%) were lower than the UK percentage increase. In the North West, the nominal GVA total (unadjusted for inflation) increased by the largest percentage in Chester TTWA (+15.1%) and by the lowest percentage in Barrow-in-Furness TTWA (+3.1%).
Yearly change in 'real' (adjusted for inflation) balanced gross value added totals, 2021 to 2022 (provisional)
The balanced GVA datasets for 2022 contain estimates of 'real' GVA totals (ie GVA adjusted for inflation using chained volume measures in 2019 money value). These are available from 1998 to 2022 for the UK and at the ITL1 regional level, at the ITL2 sub-regional level, at the ITL3 level and for local authorities. These values can be found in the relevant data files at the end of the web page. The 'real' GVA values are not presented in the tables on this web page. Only the 'real' percentage changes have been included in the tables.
Lancashire-14 ITL2 sub-region, yearly 'real' change in the GVA total
Between 2021 and 2022, the balanced GVA total for the UK (including the Extra-Regio component), showed provisional 'real' growth (adjusted for inflation, using 2019 money value) of 4.1%. In the North West, provisional 'real' growth was estimated at 4.9%. Greater Manchester (+5.8%) Cheshire (+5.1%) and Merseyside (+4.3%) showed the highest provisional 'real' growth in the region at the ITL2 level - all above the UK figure. Cumbria (+2.5%) saw the lowest 'real' growth in the region.
The balanced GVA total for the Lancashire-14 ITL2 area was estimated to have increased provisionally by 4.0% in 'real' terms (adjusted for inflation, using 2019 prices) between 2021 and 2022. This was marginally lower than the UK rise of 4.1%.
Lancashire ITL3 areas, yearly 'real' change in GVA totals
At the smaller ITL3 level, within the Lancashire-14 ITL2 sub-region, the GVA total for Blackpool (+11.5%) was estimated to have increased provisionally by the largest percentage in 'real' terms (adjusted for inflation, using 2019 money value) between 2021 and 2022, followed by Blackburn with Darwen (+7.4%), Lancaster and Wyre (+5.9%) and Chorley and West Lancashire (+4.4%). These four areas were all above the UK 'real' growth of 4.1%. Provisional 'real' growth in the Mid Lancashire (+2.7%) and East Lancashire (+0.4%) ITL3 areas were below the UK figure.
Local authority areas in the Lancashire-14 ITL2 sub-region, yearly 'real' change in GVA totals
At the local authority level, Blackpool (+11.5%) and Blackburn with Darwen (+7.4%) in the wider Lancashire-14 ITL2 sub-region, and Wyre (+6.3%), South Ribble (+6.1%), Lancaster (+5.7%), West Lancashire (+5.6%) and Preston (+5.2%) in the Lancashire-12 area, saw their 'real' balanced GVA totals (adjusted for inflation, using 2019 money value) increase provisionally by more the 'real' UK growth of 4.1% between 2021 and 2022.
The five Lancashire-12 local authority areas of Rossendale (+3.9%), Chorley (+2.9%), Burnley (+2.4%), Fylde (+1.5%) and Hyndburn (+1.0%) saw provisional 'real' increases to their balanced GVA totals (adjusted for inflation, using 2019 money value) that were lower than the 'real' UK growth of 4.1%.
The two Lancashire-12 local authority areas of Ribble Valley (-8.3%) and Pendle (-4.7%) saw provisional 'real' reductions in their balanced GVA totals (adjusted for inflation, using 2019 money value) between 2021 and 2022.
Yearly change in nominal (unadjusted for inflation) balanced gross value added per head figures, 2021 to 2022 (provisional)
The provisional nominal growth (unadjusted for inflation, in current prices) in balanced GVA per head for the Lancashire-14 ITL2 area between 2021 and 2022 at 8.2% was lower than that recorded for the UK (less Extra-Regio) of 8.7%. Nominal growth for the North West was also provisionally estimated at 8.7%. Cheshire (+9.7%) and Greater Manchester (+9.4) had the highest provisional nominal growth in GVA per head in the region (above the UK figure). Cumbria (+8.1%) and Merseyside (+6.9%) had the lowest provisional nominal growth in GVA per head (also below the UK figure of 8.7%).
Blackpool (13.5%), Blackburn with Darwen (+11.2%) and Lancaster and Wyre (+9.7%) ITL3 areas had provisional nominal growth rates (unadjusted for inflation) in balanced GVA per head that were greater than the UK figure (+8.7%). The three ITL3 areas of Chorley and West Lancashire (+8.6%), Mid Lancashire (+6.6%) and East Lancashire (+5.7%) were provisionally estimated to have lower nominal GVA per head growth than the UK increase of 8.7% from 2021 to 2022.
Yearly change in 'real' (adjusted for inflation) balanced gross value added per head figures, 2021 to 2022 (provisional)
Business Intelligence at Lancashire County Council have calculated the 'real' yearly change in balanced GVA per head for the UK (less Extra-regio), the North West ITL1 region, the five North West ITL2 sub-regions, the six smaller Lancashire ITL3 areas and the 14 Lancashire local authority areas.
'Real' GVA per head figures have been produced for 1998 to 2022 by dividing the 'real' GVA totals (ie GVA adjusted for inflation using chained volume measures in 2019 money value) by the mid-year population estimates from 1998 to 2022 and then calculating change between the desired years. The 'real' GVA values are not presented in the tables on this web page. Only the 'real' percentage change in GVA per head have been included in the tables.
Please note that TTWA GVA totals adjusted for inflation are not available, so 'real' GVA per head figures (adjusted for inflation) cannot be produced.
The provisional 'real' growth (adjusted for inflation, using 2019 prices) in balanced GVA per head for the Lancashire-14 ITL2 area between 2021 and 2022 at 2.8% was lower than that recorded for the UK (less Extra-Regio) of 3.2%. 'Real' change for the North West was provisionally estimated at a higher 3.6%.
Greater Manchester ITL2 (+4.2%) and Cheshire ITL2 (+4.0%) had the highest provisional 'real' growth in GVA per head in the region (above the UK less Extra-regio figure). Merseyside ITL2 (+3.0%) and Cumbria ITL2 (+2.1%) had provisional 'real' growth in GVA per head figures that were also below the UK less Extra-regio figure of 3.2%.
At the smaller ITL3 level, within the Lancashire-14 ITL2 sub-region, GVA per head for Blackpool (+11.0%) was estimated to have increased provisionally by the greatest percentage in 'real' terms (adjusted for inflation, using 2019 prices) between 2021 and 2022, followed by Blackburn with Darwen (+6.8%) and Lancaster and Wyre (+4.1%). These three areas were all above the UK 'real' growth in GVA per head of 3.2%. Provisional 'real' growth in GVA per head for the Chorley and West Lancashire ITL3 area (+3.1%) and the Mid Lancashire ITL3 area (+0.8%) were below the UK figure. The provisional change in GVA per head for the East Lancashire ITL3 area (-0.3%) decreased between 2021 and 2022.
Data & link to travel to work area (TTWA) map
Click on the Excel files below to download
Link to Map of UK Travel to Work Areas, 2011 boundaries. Source: Office for National Statistics licensed under the Open Government Licence v.3.0. Contains National Statistics data © Crown copyright and database right [2015]
Further GVA trend and GVA labour productivity analysis to follow |
Page updated 26 November 2024 - initial analysis of GVA estimates for 2021 (revised) and 2022 (provisional)
4 December 2024: GVA labour productivity excel data files added for all ITL levels and 361 UK local authority areas